What are the common faults of CNC rolling lathes? How to deal with them?

Common faults and treatment methods of CNC rolling lathes
CNC rolling lathes are widely used in the efficient processing of various annular and cylindrical parts, with the characteristics of high precision, high repeatability and processing consistency. However, during long-term operation, the equipment may also have various faults, affecting normal production progress and product quality.

Abnormal vibration or noise of the spindle:
The spindle makes abnormal sounds or vibrations during operation, affecting the surface roughness and dimensional stability of the workpiece.
Possible causes:
* Wear or poor lubrication of the spindle bearings
* Unbalance caused by accumulation of chips or debris inside the spindle
* The workpiece is not firmly clamped and rotates eccentrically
* Improper tension of the spindle belt or loose gear train
Treatment methods:
* Check the state of the spindle bearings and replace or add grease if necessary
* Clean the inside of the spindle to ensure that there are no foreign objects
* Adjust the chuck or fixture to ensure stable clamping
* Adjust the belt tension or check whether the belt is aging

Feed system failure or jamming
The feed axis (such as X/Z axis) of the machine tool cannot move normally, does not run smoothly, or even gets stuck.
Possible causes:
* Insufficient lubrication of ball screw or guide rail
* Fault in drive motor or servo control system
* Loose end cap of screw leads to axial movement
* Foreign matter is stuck in the sliding part or the scraper falls off
Solution:
* Clean and lubricate the screw and guide rail, use recommended lubricant
* Check whether the drive motor circuit and control signal are normal
* Fix the locking nuts at both ends of the screw
* Clean up debris in the sliding area and check the integrity of the scraper plate

The CNC system displays an alarm or freezes
The CNC system screen displays an alarm prompt, the equipment automatically stops, and the program operation is interrupted.
Possible causes:
*Protective power off of the system due to voltage fluctuations
*Control system software program error or interference signal
*Improper operation triggers limit switch or safety interlock
*System memory or PLC module failure
Solution:
*Check the power supply and use a voltage stabilizer to prevent voltage fluctuations
*Restart the control system, restore factory parameters or upgrade the software
*Check the limit switch and emergency stop button status
*Contact the equipment manufacturer to repair the PLC or replace the faulty module

Rolling wheel trajectory deviation or poor surface quality
The processed workpiece has eccentricity, ripples, grooves or surface roughness that does not meet the standard.
Possible causes:
*Uneven wear of the rolling wheel or installation deviation
*Improper rolling pressure setting
*The workpiece is not centered or shakes when rotating
*There is a deviation in the rolling path program
Solution:
*Check the rolling wheel status and re-grind or replace it if necessary
*Adjust the rolling force to the appropriate range
*Ensure that the fixture is stable and the center of the workpiece is aligned with the spindle centerline
*Check and correct the processing program path coordinates

Large processing size error or poor repeatability
The same workpiece has inconsistent dimensions after multiple processing, affecting product consistency.
Possible causes:
* Tool wear or looseness
* Unstable clamping force of workpiece
* Inaccurate tool compensation setting in the program
* Thermal deformation of machine tool or repeated positioning error of spindle
Handling method:
* Regularly check the tool status, replace or tighten as needed
* Use high-rigidity fixtures to keep constant clamping
* Calibrate tool compensation value and check program settings
* Check spindle return accuracy and set thermal compensation

Poor lubrication system or oil leakage
Guide rails, lead screws and other parts are not fully lubricated, some areas are dry; there are obvious oil marks on the ground.
Possible causes:
* Oil pump failure or oil circuit blockage
* Improper selection of lubricating oil, too high or too low viscosity
* Leakage caused by aging of seals
* Abnormal setting of lubrication timing system
Handling method:
* Replace the oil pump or clean the oil circuit
* Select the recommended type of lubricating oil
* Check and replace the seal ring and joint
* Reset the lubrication time and cycle parameters

Overheating of the electric control cabinet or internal device failure
The temperature of the electric control cabinet rises abnormally, and the electrical components often fail or trip.
Possible causes:
*The fan inside the cabinet is damaged or the filter is clogged
*Poor contact of the line connector
*The controller is running at high load for a long time
*Poor ventilation in the environment, heat cannot be dissipated
Solution:
*Replace the cabinet fan and clean the ventilation hole filter
*Check the tightness of all wiring terminals
*Rationally plan the equipment operating load to avoid continuous full load operation
*Ensure good ventilation in the workshop and avoid high temperature working environment